Hari igihe mu mateka yo guhindagurika k’umuntu kugeza ubu kitarumvwa neza n’abahanga muri siyansi (science).
Hazwi ibintu bicye kuri icyo gihe bise icy’urujijo (“confusion”), kuko abahanga n’ubu batumvikana neza ku moko yabayeho icyo gihe, bityo iki cyabaye igihe cy’igihu hagati ya Homo erectus n’umuntu wa none, Homo sapiens.
Ubu, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi ryatangaje ubwoko bushya bushobora gutanga urumuri kuri uko kutamenya, kandi ku bwabo, bushobora kuba ari bo basokuru bataziguye b’umuntu wa none.
Ni abo bise Homo bodoensis, babaga muri Africa mu myaka ikabakaba 500,000. Ku bw’abakoze ubu bushakashatsi, aba barasubiza ikibazo cyari kiri mu guhinduka kwa muntu.
Ikirango gishya
Ya myaka y’urujijo, “confusion”, iri mu gihe cyiswe “middle Pleistocene”, igihe kuva mu 2020 bise ‘Chibanian’ cyari hagati y’imyaka ya 774 000 na 129 000.
Abahanga nta n’ubwo bazi neza ubwoko bwahuzwa n’ibisigazwa byinshi byo muri icyo gihe. Muri macye, ntabwo hazwi neza amoko y’abantu yavuyeho ayandi icyo gihe.
Igihe cya Chibanian ni igihe cy’ingenzi kuko ari cyo gihe Homo sapiens yabonetse muri Africa, hamwe n’umuntu wa Neandertal i Burayi.
Ikibazo ni uko ibisigazwa byo muri icyo gihe – cyabanjirije Homo sapiens na Neandertal – “bisobanuwe nabi kandi bitumvikanwaho”, nk’uko abahanga bakoze ubu bushakashatsi bushya babyanditse.
Abo bahanga bavuga ko ibisigazwa byo muri icyo gihe byabonetse byakunze kwitwa Homo heidelbergensis cyangwa Homo rhodesiensis, izo nyito zombi bakavuga ko zakomeje gusobanurwa mu buryo bunyuranye, bityo bigateza impaka.
Mu itangazo rya kaminuza ya Winnipeg yo muri Canada yanditse ubu bushakashatsi, Mirjana Roksandic uri mu babwanditse agira ati: “Kuvuga ibyo guhinduka kwa muntu muri icyo gihe byabaye ibidashoboka kubera kubura inyito nyayo isobanura imihindagurikire y’umuntu n’ibimukikije.”
Bishingikirije iyo ngingo, Roksandic n’ikipe ye bakoze ubushakashatsi ku bisigazwa by’amateka byo mu gihe cya Chibanian byabonetse muri Africa no mu cyitwa Eurasia, maze banzura ko amoko ya Homo heidelbergensis na Homo rhodesiensis adakwiye kongera gukoreshwa, ahubwo hakwiye kubaho ikirango gishya kimwe: Homo bodoensis.
Aba bashakashatsi bavuga kandi ko ibisigazwa bimwe na bimwe byari byariswe Homo heidelbergensis mu by’ukuri ari ibya Neandertal, bwa bwoko bwabonetse i Burayi.
Naho ku bwoko bwa Homo rhodesiensis, bongeraho ko bwemewe mu buryo budakwiye, igice kimwe kuko izina ryashingiweho ari Cecil Rhodes, ikirango cya ba gashakabuhacye b’Abongereza muri Africa.